Métodos analíticos para a detecção de pesticidas morfolínicos em amostras de alimentos

Abstract

Fungicides play a fundamental role in protecting agricultural crops against fungal pathogens, ensuring high productivity and food safety. Among the various classes of fungicides, morpholine fungicides stand out for their effectiveness in controlling important diseases affecting crops such as wheat, barley and sugar beet. However, the use of these products also raises questions related to toxicity, environmental impact and the need for reliable analytical methods for their detection and quantification in different matrices. This dissertation is structured in two parts. The first part consists of a review article on the class of morpholine fungicides, addressing fundamental aspects such as their composition, chemical structures, physicochemical properties and toxicity. It also discusses the main analytical methodologies used to identify and quantify these compounds, as well as the main studies conducted in the field to date. The second part of the dissertation presents an experimental article focused on one of the compounds belonging to this class, Fenpropimorph. The aim of this section is to develop an electroanalytical methodology for the identification and quantification of Fenpropimorph in food samples, contributing to the improvement of techniques for monitoring and controlling the presence of this pesticide in products consumed by the population. Thus, this study aimed not only to deepen knowledge about morpholinic fungicides - a class that has been little explored and studied - but also to offer a relevant contribution to the development of innovative analytical methodologies, promoting greater safety and efficiency in the detection of pesticides in food.