Análise sobre a vulnerabilidade erosiva da bacia hidrográfica do ribeirão Conquistinha no Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba

Abstract

The objective of the research was, to analyze geographic physical characteristics and the erosive vulnerability to the watershed of the Conquistinha stream with the use of geoprocessing resources and geographic information system tools. The methodology is based on the application of the methodological proposal of Crepani et al (2001) and the methodology of multicriteria analysis. In the first moment, a database was created with information on geographic physical units (lithological components, geomorphological aspects, soils, climatic influence (rainfall), native vegetation and predominant cover), followed by an analysis of their individual vulnerability. In the second moment, the information on the forming components of the analyzed units was cross - referenced, obtaining the representative weights of each unit. In the third moment, the crossing between the obtained weights was carried out, resulting in the classification on the erosive vulnerability for the basin. The application of the methodology allowed the knowledge of four specific situations of vulnerability: high erosive vulnerability (23.43%), medium erosive vulnerability (27.72%), low erosive vulnerability (31.50%), very low erosive vulnerability (17.34%). The analysis of erosive vulnerability is a resource that provides the knowledge of indicators related to environmental imbalances that favor the occurrence of erosive processes. It integrates information about natural units and components associated with anthropogenic activities that occur simultaneously in the environment. It brings contributions to the planning of activities in the use and exploration of the earth. The water catchment area of the Conquistinha stream (BHRC) is of economic importance for the municipalities of Delta and Uberaba in the Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba in the state of Minas Gerais, and presents productive activities linked to the agribusiness chain.