A perícia criminal e a cadeia de custódia no âmbito da inteligência artificial

Abstract

Criminal forensics occupies a central position in criminal proceedings, as it provides judges and parties with technical and scientific elements that help reconstruct the facts. However, its reliability depends on strict adherence to the chain of custody, since any failure in the storage or transportation of evidence can compromise the validity of the proof and weaken the entire investigative procedure. In the criminal context, the way evidence is produced and preserved can completely alter the out come of a trial, potentially leading to impunity or unjust conviction. Moreover, techno logical advancements bring new challenges, such as the use of Artificial Intelligence in the production and analysis of evidence, which, although offering speed and accu racy, raises questions about its reliability and legal admissibility. This paper analyzed the importance of criminal forensics, the chain of custody, and the proper transporta tion of evidence to ensure the integrity of the proof. also addressing the impacts of Artificial Intelligence on this procedural flow. Methodologically, the research is biblio graphic, based on doctrine and case law. It is concluded that, despite legislative and technological advances, there are still significant challenges to ensuring reliable evi dence and fair judgments. Keywords: Criminal expertise. Chain of custody. Artificial Intelligence. Criminal evidence.