Microrrelevos do Cerrado Brasileiro: influência dos aspectos paisagísticos nos processos de formação e constituição dos Campos de Murundus do Chapadão do Diamante – Serra da Canastra- MG

Abstract

Murundus fields are microreliefs of the Cerrado characterized by small soil elevations, whose origin and evolution are associated with geomorphological, hydrological, and biological processes. These environments have ecological and hydrological significance, playing a fundamental role in biodiversity maintenance, water regulation, and nutrient cycling. However, the conversion of the Cerrado for agricultural and urban expansion has threatened these formations, highlighting the need for further studies to support their conservation. Given this, the present study aimed to analyze the formation, distribution, and ecosystem functions of murundus fields in Chapadão do Diamante, located in the Serra da Canastra National Park, MG, seeking to understand their relationship with geomorphological, pedological, and biological processes. The research was conducted through field surveys and laboratory analyses. Soil samples were collected for granulometric, textural, and chemical analyses, along with morphological mapping of murundus features. Additionally, biotic interactions were observed, particularly the presence of termites and their influence on soil formation and modification. The results indicate that murundus fields play a crucial role in the region’s hydrological dynamics, influencing water infiltration and retention in the soil, and exhibit distinct soil characteristics compared to adjacent areas. Bioturbation by termites was found to be a determining factor in the formation and evolution of these structures, promoting nutrient redistribution and affecting soil structuring. The vegetation found on murundus differs from the surrounding vegetation, highlighting their importance as refuges for species adapted to specific moisture and fertility conditions. This research reinforces the importance of conserving murundus fields, emphasizing their role in environmental regulation and the ecological balance of the Cerrado. Although protected within the Serra da Canastra National Park, there is still a lack of knowledge about these features, justifying the need for further studies focused on their preservation and proper management. The findings of this study contribute to expanding geomorphological and ecological knowledge of the Cerrado, providing a basis for the implementation of conservation policies and sustainable management strategies for murundus fields.