Análise de dose de radiação materno/fetal e ocupacional em cardiologia intervencionista: uso de simulação Monte Carlo e simulador antropomórfico computacional

Abstract

This study used Monte Carlo simulations to assess the radiation exposure of a pregnant patient (24th week of gestation) and an interventional physician during a coronary angiography procedure in interventional cardiology. The patient was represented by the computational anthropomorphic phantom Katja, while the physician was modeled using the ICRP 110 reference computational anthropomorphic phantom. The entire computational exposure model was developed using the MCNPX 2.7.0 radiation transport code, enabling a detailed estimation of the doses absorbed in different tissues and organs. The results demonstrated that the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), such as a cranial shield, leaded glasses, and a thyroid protector, significantly reduces the physician’s received dose, particularly in the lenses of the eyes and the thyroid, with reductions of up to 50% in some projections. Additionally, the lead curtain proved effective in attenuating scattered radiation, with variable reductions in occupational dose, reaching up to 73% in certain configurations. The simulation also allowed for the estimation of the fetal dose, aiding in the assessment of risks to the pregnant patient and contributing to the development of optimization strategies for radiological protection in interventional cardiology procedures.