Perfil epidemiológico de doadores de sangue positivos para marcadores sorológicos associados a infecções transmitidas por transfusão

Abstract

Context: Blood donation is a process filled with cycles aimed at ensuring the safety of those involved, including serological screening that identifies positivity for serological markers associated with transfusion-transmitted infections, rendering these donors ineligible. In light of this, this study is justified socially and scientifically because understanding the epidemiological profile of blood donors allows presenting to public health authorities the characteristics of this vulnerable population and thus developing health promotion and prevention strategies for transfusion-transmitted infections aimed at this audience. Objective: To understand the epidemiological profile of blood donors positive for serological markers associated with transfusion-transmitted infections. Methods: This study was conducted through an integrative literature review, using publications from LILACS, BDENF, MEDLINE, Scielo, Google Scholar, and CAPES Periodicals Portal, BDENF, and CINAHL. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a sample of 20 articles was used. Conclusion: Studies emphasize the need for comprehensive screening and knowledge of the epidemiological profile to prevent disease transmission. They underscore the importance of serological tests and suggest special screening for population groups associated with different demographic regions. The research points to constant epidemiological surveillance and the implementation of more sensitive tests, such as NAT, to ensure the safety of blood transfusions.