A contribuição da rede de transporte aéreo regional para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico do interior do Brasil

Abstract

The regional air transport, of significant importance for countries with large territorial extensions, is the subject of a national strategy for the consolidation of the transport system, regional economic development and territorial integration. Despite the scarce bibliography on the importance of regional aviation in the economy and in the integrated transport and logistics system, this work proposes a necessary debate on the role of regional aviation and its impact on the organization of space, starting from the analysis of the characteristics of the airport infrastructure that prevents the development of aviation beyond large urban centers. Therefore, this work aims to understand the deficiencies of Brazilian air transport and prepare a critical analysis, in addition to the perspective of the extremely market-oriented model adopted by the public authorities, mainly responsible for the installation and maintenance of current aviation infrastructure. As a result of the research carried out, this work also proposes a new model for organizing interconnected regional air networks, capable of increasing the general population's access to the main qualities of aviation (speed, reliability and spatial amplitude). Regional air transport integrated with national aviation and the intermodal logistics system presents itself as an important catalyst for the economy of municipalities under the influence of various regional economic hubs. Based on this perspective, the creation of a system of regional air networks capable of interconnecting inland locations with the country's large urban centers could generate greater efficiency and speed in the movement of people and cargo, in addition to contributing directly to economic development and of small and medium-sized cities, at the same time reducing the regional imbalance. The integrated set of regional air networks would promote territorial reorganization and land use for the benefit of society and the country's sovereignty, with greater distribution of wealth generated by one of the fastest growing sectors in the world economy.