As representações da arte por via do teatro em sala de aula: a educação como um ato político

Abstract

This research is an analysis, in addition to a survey of how theatrical and pedagogical actions developed at the Elon Machado Moita State School, in the municipality of Lagoa Alegre/PI, can contribute to improving the process of emancipation of students and, consequently, produce better academic performance . The main objective of this analysis is to verify whether, using theatrical techniques and methods, it is possible to create emancipated, free students with a sense of equality in intelligence. The research proposal is based on the use of theater as a teaching resource, with the aim of stimulating student autonomy and improving learning. The research question is: is it possible to develop strategies capable of fostering student autonomy with theater? During the writing of the dissertation there is a critical and more detailed look at the teaching practices of the arts teacher, in addition to questioning methodologies and action strategies. In the experiences analyzed, it is possible to approach Paulo Freire's conceptions, in order to create conditions for education to be liberating instead of oppressive. The methodological choice for this study was action research with a descriptive character along the lines of a researcher-participant. Throughout the entire practical research process, various data were generated that served as sources for analysis: photos, videos, logbooks, statements, interviews and protocols (records in text or drawing form). From this, it became clear that theater is a very powerful tool in transforming schools and building free subjects committed to social and political issues. However, the school still fails to use the body as a mechanism for transmitting ideas, which is a problem we encountered, which could open horizons for other studies. The theoretical contribution of the research was delimited after a bibliographical survey of the following authors: Bertolt Brecht, seeing in theater a possibility of sharpening the critical sense of individuals; Jaques Rancière, when presenting politics as a collective process that guarantees the autonomy of speech; Augusto Boal, through his creative actions that aim for political action capable of transforming society.