A Robótica Educacional nos Anos Iniciais e o desenvolvimento do Pensamento Computacional

Abstract

This research proposes the analysis and study of Educational Robotics as a resource for the development of Computational Thinking with a focus on students in the 4th and 5th year of Elementary School. The information production process for this investigation was carried out by monitoring Robotics classes at a private school in the city of Uberlândia, which is a reference in the implementation of Educational Robotics in its curriculum with specific construction and programming classes for students from the 1st to the 9th year of elementary school. We monitored the development of classes in 2021 and 2022 and analyzed the participation of a group of 7 students in the Brazil Robotics Tournament in 2022. We listed the skills and competencies related to Computational Thinking and Digital Culture outlined in the guiding document of Brazilian education, the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), with the aim of verifying the applicability of those in a Learning Environment with Educational Robotics. Learning Environments, outlined in five dimensions: social, pedagogical, cultural, technological and psychological, establish teaching objectives that go beyond formal content and disciplines, aiming at the student's global training. Based on the characteristics of Learning Environments, we understand that these, linked to Educational Robotics, constitute a favorable scenario for building knowledge and outlining skills necessary for the development of Computational Thinking. We verified that the development of Computational Thinking skills can be observed in Learning Environments with Educational Robotics, favoring the teaching-learning process of the students involved.