Os papéis da imaginação na elaboração cognitiva do saber em kant

Abstract

This paper aims to present the steps for the cognitive elaboration of “acquainted” (kennen) in Kant, acquainted that is fabricated in the faculty of sensitivity, without the intervention of the faculty of understanding, this acquainted corresponds to the first cognitive stage that prepares the elaboration of knowledge (Erkenntnis) of the object, in other words, it corresponds to the first form of the object insofar as it “appears” (erscheint) in sensitivity as an “appearance” (Erscheinung). As a matter of principle, we present in the first part a brief historical panorama of the ideas and movements that precede Kant, with the objective of contextualizing the development of his thought, then we occupy ourselves with the elements that make up sensibility and that receive the initial “matter” (sensations and impressions) of this acquainted, that is, we first show the senses with the a priori forms of sensible intuition (space and time), which, acting as predispositions of this capacity, provide the conditions of possibility of the object being sensitively grasped by the cognitive structure of the finite rational being. In the second part, we describe the roles of the faculty of imagination in the handling of this initial matter. For Kant, the imagination has the capacity to synthesize representations and produce the acquainted that comes exclusively from sensibility, under the condition that the senses make available to it the multiplicity of sensations and impressions received under the a priori forms of space and time. Thus, with this interpretation of the initial formation of acquainted that prepares knowledge of the object in Kant, we discuss the power of synthesis of the imagination, acting autonomously and spontaneously in the sensibility, through two syntheses, namely: the “synthesis of the diverse” and the “synthesis of reproduction”, which represent the way in which this initial acquainted of the object is fabricated.