Evasão universitária nos cursos de engenharia: análise de diferenças por gênero

Abstract

This study seeks to understand the dropout phenomenon, more specifically, the differences between female and male dropout in Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronic Engineering and Aeronautical Engineering courses at the Federal University of Uberlândia, taking into account the diversity of the human factor and the difficulties faced by women who choose to pursue STEM careers (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics). Data for analysis were collected from two sources. Statistical reports from the Educational Institution regarding Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics and Aeronautics courses between the years 2010 and 2019, and a questionnaire that investigated social, demographic, and personal aspects related to university experience and self-efficacy. The questionnaire also had a dissertation question, for the graduates: “What were the reasons that led you to leave the course? ”; And for those enrolled: “Have you thought about leaving your current course? If yes, why? ”. The results obtained indicate a greater dropout of female students. The results also show differences between the reasons that lead to dropouts: the lack of identification with the course and the job market, didactics and the high number of reproof stand out as relevant factors for dropout. Women also highlight the prejudice that exists in the courses. For those enrolled, the main points that could lead to evasion are: difficulty in completing the course and relationship with teachers, specifically for men, there is: low expectations regarding the labor market and content of the advanced cycle, for women: uncertainty about choice.