Avaliação da ocorrência de rejeição de carcaça de suínos associada à contusões nos principais estados produtores do Brasil

Abstract

The pig farming is an established and growing activity in Brazil, whose evolution took place in various fields (genetics, nutrition, production). The efficiency of production is linked to the practices adopted from the farm to the fridge, considering the aspects of animal welfare. Improper pre-slaughter management may have an impact on pork quality that will result in economic losses, such as the occurrence of bone fractures. The causes related to bone fractures range from genetic and nutritional factors to production systems. In this sense, the work was developed based on the objective of evaluating the frequency of pig carcass rejection due to contusions from November 2018 to October 2019 in the main producing states of this species in Brazil. Information regarding pig carcass rejection and slaughter during the period evaluated was collected by issuing reports from the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) database, in establishments registered with the Federal Inspection Service (SIF). ) of the four states with the largest swine production in Brazil: Santa Catarina, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul and Minas Gerais. Based on the data, the Rejection Occurrence Index (IOR) per 100 slaughtered pigs was calculated and then 1,000 slaughtered pigs (number of rejections / number of animals slaughtered). The results showed that the state of Paraná was the one with the highest frequency of bruising rejections, representing 32.1% of all possible rejections. The state with the best result was Rio Grande do Sul with 7.3% of rejections justified by the presence of bruises. Most injuries and bruises in slaughterhouses can be caused by poor welfare of pigs, which is a problem for the animal and a damage to the production chain. It is concluded that pre-slaughter management is essential to obtain better quality meat and, consequently, to reduce the occurrence of carcass rejection.