Uso de drogas, ansiedade, estresse e depressão entre os profissionais de enfermagem da estratégia saúde da família

Abstract

This work aimed to analyze the levels of stress, anxiety and depression, and the use of alcohol and other drugs, among the nursing personnel who work with Family Health Strategy. It was developed a quantitative, exploratory and cross-sectional analysis with 74 nurses and 96 nursing technician and auxiliaries, in the city of Uberlandia – MG, Brazil. For the data collection, it was used a questionnaire about sociodemographic and occupational topics, and other questionnaires, such as: ASSIST (Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test), AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test) and DASS – 21 (Depression, Anxiety and Stress scale). The significance level (p) was stablished in 0.05 for all variables. Descriptive analyses of the data presented in absolute and relative frequency were conducted; as well as bivariate data analyses, using the chi-squared test and the Spearman´s correlation coefficient test. This study showed that the biggest part of nursing professionals are female (93.8%), married (66.1%), aged between 30 and 39 years old (42%), nursing technician (48,2%). Related to drugs abuse, among the interviewed professionals, 44.6% mentioned to use alcohol in binge, 2.7% presented risky consumption of tobacco and 0.9% use sedatives. It was detected that 16.2% presented some level of depression, 15.3% of stress and 20.2% of anxiety. The binge drinking and the use of tobacco was associated to males, and the use of sedatives to the employment number. There was a positive correlation with duration of employment between 6 and 10 years (p=0.04), the alcohol consumption (p=0.047), stress (p=0.000) and anxiety (p=0.000). The problematic consumption of alcohol, whether in abusing way (p=0.002) or binge drinking (p=0.020) is also related to tobacco use. Finally, it was possible to conclude that the consumption of alcohol among the nursing professionals presented similar results when compared to the general population. The cause of depression indicated an alarming frequency among these professionals. In addition, it was possible to notice that the literature about the use of alcohol and other drugs among the nursing professionals of the Family Health Strategy is scarce, which deserves more investigation. It also highlights the importance of investments related to the worker´s health in this context.