Juventudes: pobreza e desocupação na região metropolitana do Recife

Abstract

This study proposes to make a diagnosis of the situation of poor and non-poor youth in the labor market in the metropolitan region of Recife, and to evaluate the determinants of the unemployment of the poor and non-poor youth there during the years 1995, 2001 and 2007. This study verified that poor youth are substantially more affected by unemployment than non-poor, irregardless of age or sex. Another important aspect highlighted by this study is that although it is expected that the unemployment rate would go down in relation to the advancing age of the young, for the poor this improvement is not as significant. Moreover, in higher age groups, it is the biggest gap between the unemployment rates of the poor versus non-poor, showing that the unemployment of the poor will influence his adult life, when the gap in the unemployment rate between poor and non-poor will be greater. Classifying by gender, it appears that the highest rates of unemployment are experienced by women and are even higher for poor women. As for even education, this also distinctly influences poor and non-poor, and in the same levels of education, the poor face greater difficulties in obtaining employment, compared to non-poor and in the older age groups is where the biggest differences between the unemployment rates of poor and non-poor are seen. To estimate the probability of youth unemployment among the poor and non-poor, the micro-data of the National Household Sample Survey (NHSS) was used as a data source for the probit model. The results obtained show that the variables that influence the probability of youth unemployment, at the 1% significance level, in the case of poor young people are: per capita family income, experience, and role/social status of the young in the family. For non-poor young, their probabilities of unemployment are affected by the experience and role of the young in the family.