Uso da água ozonizada para descontaminação de roscas de implantes dentários: avaliação microbiológica in vitro por meio da técnica de hibridização de checkerboard DNA- DNA

Abstract

Ozone therapy has been increasingly emphasized in dentistry, particularly due to its strong antimicrobial potential, with the additional advantage of not inducing microbial resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro decontamination effect of ozonated water (O₃ water) on the surface of dental implant threads previously contaminated with multispecies biofilm. A total of 18 conical titanium implants with internal hexagon connection (4.0 mm in diameter × 5.0 mm in length) were used and allocated into three groups: O₃ Water Group –ozonated bidistilled water at a concentration of 60 µg/mL (n = 6); CHX Group – 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate solution (n = 6); and PBS Group – phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) (n = 6). The biofilm was developed over six days, after which the implants were analyzed using the DNA–DNA checkerboard hybridization technique to quantify microorganisms according to Socransky complexes. The results demonstrated that the O₃ Water Group exhibited lower proportions of bacterial species associated with disease-related Socransky complexes (orange and red complexes – 3.6%) compared with the CHX (19.1%) and PBS (37.1%) groups (P < 0.00001). Furthermore, the bacterial load associated with disease was significantly reduced (P < 0.00001) in the O₃ Water Group (Orange: 64.5 × 10⁵; Red: 0.4 × 10⁵) compared to the CHX (Orange: 41.9 × 10⁵; Red: 200 × 10⁵) and PBS (Orange: 117.1 × 10⁵; Red: 526 × 10⁵) groups. It can be concluded that ozonated water exhibited significant antimicrobial activity, promoting the reduction of periodontopathogenic bacterial species on implant surfaces in vitro. These findings suggest its potential as an adjunctive agent for microbiological control of periimplantitis, providing a relevant basis for future clinical studies.