Psicologia do orgiástico: perspectivas da liberdade no Crepúsculo dos ídolos

Abstract

This dissertation is the result of research into the concept of freedom in Friedrich Nietzsche's work Twilight of the Idols (1888). It is known that the work of this controversial German philosopher has aroused interest in academic circles and exerted a notable influence on important contemporary thinkers. Here, we consider the fundamental role played by freedom in Nietzschean thought, as it permeates all of his philosophical creation, thanks to its articulation with other concepts. Therefore, we understand the importance of interpreting how the philosopher simultaneously criticizes the traditional notion of free will and elaborates his own concept of freedom. To accomplish this task, in addition to the aforementioned work, other readings were necessary as a basis for the research and the construction of this text. Among these, we highlight four fundamental books: Nietzsche and Freedom by Miguel Angel de Barrenechea; Nietzsche, Freedom and Immoralism by Alice Medrado; Nietzsche as Psychologist by Oswaldo Giacoia Junior; and Nietzsche and Philosophy by Gilles Deleuze. Our goal is to engage in dialogue with the diverse interpretations of Nietzsche's thought regarding the philosopher's treatment of the concept of freedom in his work. In the first part of this dissertation, we will analyze the aesthetic approach to freedom in Nietzschean thought. In the second part, we will examine the political perspective of freedom in Nietzsche. Finally, we will defend a possible reading of the concept of freedom in Nietzsche from a psychological perspective. This research was motivated by the perception that Nietzsche's thought has much to contribute to a deeper debate on freedom in contemporary times.