Uso, ocupação do solo e mudanças ambientais ocorridas entre 2013 e 2023 na represa de Miranda, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais

Abstract

The main goal on this dissertation is to analyze the changes on the environmental dynamic and in the land use around the Miranda Dam, located in Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, from 2013 to 2023. This research seeks to comprehend the ecological degradation process from the expansion of human activities, like urbanization, agriculture and grazing, that have been contributing to reduce the forest coverage and increasing the fragmentation of natural habitats. Therefore, was used an integrated methodology, combining techniques of geoprocessing, temporal analysis of satellite images and field survey, with the aim of mapping urban sprawl, vegetation loss, erosion processes, siltation and the removal of permanent preservation areas, the rising disordered occupation have been aggravating the environmental impacts, increasing the ecosystem vulnerability. Also noteworthy, that the decrease in vegetation cover on the east and northeast areas around the dam have been strongly associated with the expansion of agricultural activities and grazing. Furthermore, the impermeabilization of the soil and new infrastructure buildings hinder water infiltration, favoring erosion processes. This research also strengthens the importance of implementing sustainable environmental management measures, promoting the recovery of degraded areas and ensuring compliance with current legislation. Adopting effective public policies, integrated with territorial management, is essential to preserve the water resources, the biodiversity and the resilience of the local ecosystems, ensuring the sustainable development of the region in the long term.