Análise Multicritério de Viabilidade de uma Fonte Emergencial Híbrida para Suprimento de Sistema de Serviços Auxiliares em Subestações de Transmissão

Abstract

This thesis proposes, evaluates, and implements a solution for the emergency power supply of the auxiliary services alternating current system of high-voltage substations, aiming to enhance operational reliability and reduce regulatory impacts associated with unavailability, particularly in remote substations without internal power sources. The study is grounded in a systematic literature review, which reveals the predominance of arrangements based on diesel generator sets and the lack of integrated approaches that reconcile economic performance, reliability, and environmental criteria. Based on this assessment, a replicable techno-economic and multicriteria evaluation methodology is developed to compare four supply alternatives: a hybrid system combining battery energy storage and photovoltaic generation, an owned diesel generator set, a rented diesel generator set, and an external feeder. The economic analysis employs discounted cash flow methods (NPV, IRR, and Payback), incorporating variable penalties derived from the Annual Allowed Revenue, while the multicriteria assessment applies the TOPSIS method, integrating economic, technical, and environmental criteria. The methodology is validated through a real-world case study conducted at a Brazilian power system substation. The results indicate that the proposed hybrid solution is technically feasible and economically attractive in the medium and long term, standing out for its operational robustness, reduced dependence on fossil fuels, and superior environmental performance, without loss of economic competitiveness, while also presenting potential for scalability and replication. This thesis consolidates an original contribution by demonstrating the technical, economic, and regulatory feasibility of an implementable solution and by structuring a decision-support methodology aligned with the requirements of the Brazilian power sector.