Análise multitemporal do uso e cobertura da terra no município de Uberlândia (MG) entre 1985 e 2024

Abstract

Changes in Land Use and Land Cover are rapid and end up generating significant impacts, mainly in the Cerrado Biome, due to anthropogenic activities. The municipality of Uberlândia (MG), located in the Triângulo Mineiro region, has undergone a major territorial transformation process since the 1980s, due to the continuous expansion of agriculture and the urban area. Therefore, the general objective of this work was to analyze the spatial evolution of Land Use and Land Cover in the municipality between 1985 and 2024, in order to evaluate the transformations and identify the main changes. The methodology used in the multitemporal analysis of remote sensing data, with images and maps from the MapBiomas platform - Collection 10 for the years 1985, 1995, 2005, 2015, and 2024. To ensure consistency between the statistical information, the Constant Total Area Normalization method was applied, using the Official Territorial Area of the municipality of Uberlândia, which according to the IBGE is 411,520.60 hectares, as a fixed reference for the percentage calculation of each class. The processing and calculations of the areas were performed using QGIS and Microsoft Excel software. The results indicate significant changes in Land Use and Land Cover in Uberlândia between 1985 and 2024, with a reduction in the natural formations of the Cerrado Biome and an expansion of anthropogenic activities. Pastureland was predominant in the early decades, while from the 2000s onwards, there was an intensification of agriculture, especially with the expansion of soybean and temporary crops. The urbanized area showed continuous growth throughout the period, highlighting the dynamics of territorial transformation associated with the economic development and population growth of the municipality.