Abordagem AHP-TOPSIS na criação de índices de prioridade para manutenção de usinas fotovoltaicas

Abstract

The present study investigated the combined application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods in prioritizing the maintenance of photovoltaic plants of the Atlas Group. Until then, the selection of plants for preventive and corrective maintenance was carried out subjectively, based mainly on energy generation, disregarding several other relevant criteria such as plant size, ownership, operational status, and the number of open maintenance work orders. The absence of a structured process for defining priorities could result in inefficient decisions regarding the dispatch of operation and maintenance (O&M) teams. The objective of the study was to establish a prioritization model in which AHP was used exclusively to define the weights of the criteria, while the TOPSIS method was employed to rank the plants based on these weighted criteria. The study was conducted in six stages, including the analysis of the mathematical models, the definition and weighting of the criteria in collaboration with the engineering team, the development of a Python program to automate the calculations, and the implementation and validation of the generated index in operational routines. The justification for this research lay in the need to optimize the allocation of maintenance resources, making the process more efficient and accurate. The combination of AHP and TOPSIS methods enabled a more structured decision-making process, making more effective use of an extensive database that had previously been underutilized. It is expected that the developed prioritization indices have contributed to improving the maintenance management of the 129 photovoltaic plants of the Atlas Group, reducing operational costs and increasing system reliability.