Eficácia da combinação de fungicidas químicos com fungicida microbiológico (Bacillus velezensis) em diferentes doses em um híbrido de milho em condições de segunda safra

Abstract

Due to the great importance of corn cultivation, achieving higher yields and ensuring grain quality has become essential nowadays. The increase and severity of fungal diseases in crops compromise both productivity and product quality, raising concerns across several sectors of the economy. In order for hybrids to reach their productive potential, research has shown that the use of fungicides helps reduce plant diseases. Moreover, as a complementary alternative to chemical control, microbiological control stands out as a promising option due to its target specificity and ability to employ multiple strategies to combat pathogens, which helps reduce the risk of resistance development. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of management with chemical fungicides and a microbiological fungicide at different doses on disease control and yield in off-season corn cultivation. The experiment was conducted in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, during the second crop season of the 2024 agricultural year. The corn hybrid used was Supremo Viptera3, and the experimental design followed a randomized block design (RBD) with four treatments and twelve replications, including one untreated control. The other treatments consisted of different combinations of chemical and microbiological fungicides at varying doses. The evaluated parameters included final plant stand, plant height, ear insertion height, foliar disease severity, and grain yield. The SISVAR statistical software was used to perform analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. Treatments T3 (Priori Xtra® + Previnil Max® + FrontierControl® (0.3 L.ha-1) at V8 / Orkestra® + Previnil Max® + FrontierControl® (0.3 L/ha) at VT-R2) and T4 (Priori Xtra® + Previnil Max® + FrontierControl® (0.5 L.ha-1) at V8 / Orkestra® + Previnil Max® + FrontierControl® (0.5 L.ha1 ) at VT-R2), in which the microbiological fungicide was included, regardless of dose, showed greater potential for increasing grain yield and resulted in lower foliar disease severity compared to the other treatments.