Análise bibliométrica e roadmap tecnológico para a produção de hidrogênio verde a partir de fontes renováveis: uma perspectiva da simbiose industrial

Abstract

The growing dependence on fossil fuels has intensified greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, exacerbating environmental impacts and driving the search for sustainable energy solutions. In this context, green hydrogen (GH), produced from renewable sources, has emerged as a promising alternative for the decarbonization of industrial and transportation sectors. However, its large-scale implementation still faces technical, economic, and structural barriers. Industrial symbiosis (IS) has emerged as a strategic approach to address some of these challenges by enabling waste utilization, integration between production processes, and optimization of energy resources. This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the convergence between IS and GH production, complemented by the development of a technological roadmap indicating strategic directions for the development of this production chain based on sustainable sources. The methodology involved a review of scientific publications indexed in the Scopus database, applying selection criteria to ensure the relevance and timeliness of the analyzed documents. Indicators such as the number of publications over time, co-authorship networks, geographical distribution of authors, and frequency of keywords were examined. The results revealed a steady growth in academic interest in the subject, although direct interactions between GH and IS remain in their early stages. China led scientific production during the analyzed period, followed by European countries and India, reflecting global engagement in the pursuit of clean and innovative energy solutions. The second stage of the study involved the construction of a technological roadmap focused on GH production with an emphasis on IS applications. This tool made it possible to map technological challenges, identify innovation opportunities, and outline potential synergies among industrial sectors, considering different time horizons: short, medium, and long term.This approach contributed to the definition of strategic pathways aimed at the efficient and environmentally responsible industrial implementation of GH. The integration of bibliometric findings with the technological roadmap reinforced the importance of structured public policies, targeted investments, and cross-sector partnerships to accelerate the consolidation of GH as an energy vector. The results also highlighted the need to foster collaborative research networks and interdisciplinary approaches capable of enhancing the technological and operational maturity of the field.