Má oclusão, autoestima e bullying em adolescentes: um estudo transversal

Abstract

Malocclusion is an oral health condition of skeletal and/or dental origin that affects both function and aesthetics. In addition to impairing functions such as chewing and speech, it impacts self-esteem and psychosocial well-being. Its aesthetic alterations can cause embarrassment, affecting quality of life. Thus, malocclusion extends beyond a physical problem, influencing emotional and social aspects.Accordingly, the present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between malocclusion, self-esteem, and the occurrence of bullying among adolescents in public schools in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. This is an observational analytical cross-sectional study. The study was reported following the recommendations of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines.The research included 277 adolescents aged 11 to 14 years. The diagnosis of malocclusion was performed using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), while self-esteem was assessed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Bullying was measured through the Kidscape questionnaire.The results indicated that malocclusion was present in 30% of participants and was associated with low self-esteem and the occurrence of bullying. Among adolescents with malocclusion, 67.5% reported low self-esteem, and 46% reported having experienced bullying. These findings highlight the need for preventive and therapeutic strategies that consider not only the functional aspects of malocclusion but also its emotional and social impacts.