Manejo da oxigenoterapia na dispneia em pacientes oncológicos paliativos hospitalizados no fim de vida: revisão de escopo

Abstract

Cancer is a public health problem in the country and is often associated with terminal illness. Dyspnea is one of the most common and distressing symptoms among patients with advanced cancer, often intensifying as they approach the final weeks or days of life. It is known that oxygen saturation tends to decrease in the final hours, which makes it essential to carefully evaluate the risks and benefits of using supplemental oxygen. In this scenario, an interdisciplinary team specialized in palliative care, who understands current practices related to oxygen therapy, is essential. The objective of this study was to review the scientific evidence on the management of oxygen therapy for dyspnea in terminally ill palliative cancer patients in the hospital setting. The methodological recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and report items for scoping review - PRISMA ScR were used to perform this review. The bibliographic survey was conducted in the following databases: Cochrane, Scopus, Pubmed and Web of Science. Original and review studies published in the last 10 years were included, with randomized clinical trial, cohort and cross-sectional study designs. After exclusion by title and abstract, 2 articles were selected. Males were the most common type of cancer, and lung cancer was the most prevalent. Both studies used the High Flow Nasal Cannula - HFNC as an instrument for administering oxygen. None of the selected articles addresses the fundamental role of the interdisciplinary team. This review highlighted the lack of recent literature on oxygen therapy in end-of-life cancer patients.