Principais gêneros bacterianos prevalentes em ambientes hospitalares veterinários: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Hospital infections occur during the patient's hospitalization, during the period of admission, stay and after discharge, they are a major problem for public health, due to the main bacteria involved having a resistance profile, which makes treatment of the patient difficult. The environments with the highest incidence in veterinary medicine are: Intensive Treatment Units (ICU), surgical centers and hospitalizations due to these places having a large flow of people and animals, long periods of hospitalization and invasive procedures. The incidence of nosocomial infections in veterinary medicine is not well established and related bacteria are generally resistant to antibiotics, therefore this study aimed to identify the bacteria most commonly described in veterinary hospital environments. To this end, a literature review was carried out in databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and Elsevier in which the following indexers were used: hospital infections in veterinary medicine and bacterial resistance in veterinary medicine. The research was carried out in Portuguese and English. Among the 412 articles analyzed, applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 articles comprised this review. By reading in full, the 4 most prevalent bacteria in veterinary hospitals were considered, considering small animal clinics and surgery: Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp.