Estado Nutricional de Povos e Comunidades Tradicionais no Brasil: Uma Análise dos Dados do SISVAN

Abstract

Traditional peoples and communities (TCPs) represent groups with ways of life linked to natural resources, including indigenous peoples, quilombolas, artisanal fishermen, riverside communities, among others. Monitoring the nutritional status of these peoples is essential for planning public policies aimed at promoting health and food and nutritional security. The objective of this study was to analyze the nutritional status of traditional peoples and communities based on data from the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN), by age group, throughout Brazil in 2023. An ecological study was carried out using secondary data from SISVAN, of gypsies, extractivists, indigenous peoples, artisanal fishermen, terreiro peoples, quilombolas and riverside communities. Nutritional status data, based on weight and height, were used in the different age groups - children (0 to <5 years and 5 to <10 years), adolescents (10 to <20 years), adults (20 to 59 years) and elderly (60 years and over). Most children and adolescents from traditional peoples and communities were eutrophic and had adequate height for their age, although nutritional extremes were observed in some peoples and communities. Among adults and the elderly, a significant percentage of eutrophic individuals was observed, but there was also a high prevalence of underweight and overweight in some communities. In general, a small number of gypsies, extractivists, artisanal fishermen and terreiro peoples were assessed. There is a need to improve the food and nutrition surveillance system and support public policies aimed at traditional peoples and communities.