Incidência de sífilis congênita relacionada à cobertura de atenção primária à saúde e do pré-natal no estado de Minas Gerais no ano de 2022

Abstract

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) with significant potential for vertical transmission. Despite extensive epidemiological and clinical knowledge, congenital syphilis (CS) remains a persistent and significant public health issue. Timely diagnosis and treatment of syphilis in pregnant women can prevent transmission from mother to fetus. Primary Health Care (PHC) plays a crucial role as the primary setting for accessing and delivering quality prenatal care. This study aimed to analyze variations in CS incidence rates in municipalities across Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil in 2022, based on prenatal care indicators from the Previne Brasil program and PHC coverage. Additionally, the study aimed to inform health management bodies on maternal and child health to enhance public health policies. This spatial ecological study utilized secondary data from the Unified Health System's main Information System (SUS). Cluster analysis, employing the non-hierarchical k-means technique, identified distinct groups of municipalities based on shared characteristics. Geospatial mapping was used to delineate macro-regional differences among clusters. The results of this study reveal an increasing behavior of CS in MG, with municipalities showing high PHC coverage and favorable prenatal indicators related with lower CS incidences, particularly in the Northern and Northeastern Health Macroregions of the state. This study provides insights for developing public health policies aimed at improving prenatal care access and quality. It will inform technical reports disseminated to management bodies, addressing care disparities and promoting actions to combat CS in MG. This Master's Completion Work is part of the Professional Master's Program in Family Health (PROFSAUDE).