As implicações do capitalismo na Educação Profissional: estudo sobre políticas públicas no Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial - SENAI

Abstract

This study examines the presence of the National Service for Industrial Training (SENAI) in the context of public policies, given its operation in Brazil for over eight decades. The research focuses on Vocational Education and the working class who benefits from this service through the S System, limited to Senai. In examining the establishment of Senai, it becomes apparent how government initiatives and sustained public policies contribute to its longevity. From this perspective, the research question arises: what is the relationship between public policies and the enduring nature of Senai and the Vocational Education it provides? To address this, the study adopted the following overarching objective: to investigate the policies of Vocational and Technological Education in Brazil, with a specific focus on those implemented by Senai, aimed at meeting the demands for professional qualification in Brazilian productive sectors. The specific objectives include historically describing the main transformations in Vocational Education in Brazil, highlighting the role of the "System S" and Senai in training industry workers; outlining how various agents of professional qualification adapt to changes in production methods and the global workforce; presenting public policies specifically targeting Vocational and Technological Education in Brazil since 2002, considering the contemporary scenario and Federal Government actions to address the demand for technical and professional training; and describing the infrastructure of Senai and its surrounding environment. To achieve these objectives, bibliographic research was conducted using keywords such as "System S," "Senai," and "historical context" to contextualize legislation and the emergence of each institution within the "System S" framework and Vocational and Technological Education policies in Brazil. Additionally, documentary research was conducted to narrate Senai's scenario within the "System S" based on relevant literature. Further, documentary research was conducted according to legislation enacted from 2002 to the present, aligning with public policies aimed at meeting the country's demand for technical and professional training. Data collection from the Industry Portal was utilized to analyze Senai's operational design, intersectoral articulation, expansion, territorial coverage, economic sectors served, and courses offered under this program. The methodological approach involves a literature review and qualitative documentary research. The study concludes that public policies play a fundamental role in sustaining Senai.