Avaliação operacional de sistemas de escaneamento 3D de baixo custo para inspeção de componentes fabricados por Manufatura Aditiva

Abstract

Additive Manufacturing (AM) has gained space in the industry due to its advantages, especially for the manufacture of spare parts. However, quality control still presents a challenge hindering greater diffusion of AM. Visual inspection has to be done by accredited professionals, incurring several expenses; also, it presents limited precision and does not provide a digital record for future evaluations. Thus, this study evaluated different low-cost 3D scanning systems for the inspection of components manufactured by WAAM (Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing)): LIDAR, using a mobile phone, and photogrammetry, using both the mobile phone and a digital camera. A 3D model of a component manufactured by WAAM was generated with each one of the systems, as well as by a commercial laser scanner, which was used as a reference model for the study. The cloud points generated by the mobile phone, used LiDAR, by the digital camera, applying the photogrammetry process, and the mobile phone, using photogrammetry, presented an average deviation from the reference model of 0.212 mm, 0.104 mm, and 0.125 mm, respectively. Even though the greatest deviation was presented by the LiDAR, this system was the fastest and had the advantage over the photogrammetry models for presenting its own scale. Therefore, it can be concluded that the remote inspection systems analyzed here are suitable for the inspection of the dimensions of components produced with MADA and can be easily implemented and replicated.