Desenvolvimento de imunossensores eletroquímicos para detecção de troponinas cardíacas.

Abstract

Acute myocardial infarction is one of the main causes of mortality national and global. Characterized by cardiomyocyte necrosis after a situation of ischemia, followed by the release of cardiac biomarkers in the bloodstream, early and effective diagnosis of this clinical condition is of paramount importance for patient survival. In the context of diagnostic tools applied to heart attack detection, electrochemical immunosensors have great application potential due to its low production cost, provision of quick responses, operational ease, specificity, sensitivity and possibility of miniaturization. Among the cardiac biomarkers used for early diagnosis and evolution of the infarction condition, troponins stand out, markers biologicals considered the gold standard, thanks to their myocardial specificity, rapid release into the bloodstream, and a long change time. Therefore, in this work two electrochemical immunosensors were developed for the detection of cardiac troponins, via immobilization by physical adsorption of anti-troponin T antibodies and anti-troponin I antibodies on surface of graphite electrodes modified with nanomaterials derived from graphene, such as reduced graphene oxide and graphene quantum dots.