Geoambientes e relação solo-vegetação no Pantanal do Miranda-Abobral, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

Abstract

The focus of this research lies on the complexities of the sub-regions of the Pantanal in Mato Grosso do Sul, especially in the areas near the Miranda and Abobral rivers. The study is divided into two distinct chapters. In the first chapter, the research addresses the challenges of delimiting the sub-regions of the Pantanal. Despite having a common geological origin, the Pantanal lacks well-defined geographical boundaries, particularly in its transition areas with the surrounding plateaus. The subdivision of sub-regions varies considerably depending on the criteria applied, such as landscape characteristics, flooding dynamics, physiomorphological aspects, geopolitical factors, and even local names. This diversity of approaches leads to conflicting interpretations of geographical divisions, posing challenges for a precise understanding of the Pantanal as a whole. In the second chapter, the study delves into the relationship between native vegetation, soil, and geo-environments in the Pantanal. Eight distinct geo-environments were investigated: Cordilheira, Capão, Mata Ciliar de Corixo, Mata Ciliar de Rio (Várzea), Lagoa Intermitente, Paratudal, Canjiqueiral, and Canjiqueira/Cambará. Soil samples were collected in each of these geo-environments, with analyses encompassing physical and chemical soil characteristics. The analysis of floristic diversity revealed significant variations among the geo-environments, with each exhibiting its own species richness. Furthermore, the research highlighted the influence of soil properties on the structure of plant communities, demonstrating how these factors are fundamental to the ecology of the Pantanal. Together, this dissertation provides an in-depth understanding of the complexities of the Pantanal's sub-regions and the interaction between native vegetation, soil, and various geo-environments. The results obtained are essential for the development of sustainable management and conservation strategies for this unique and valuable ecosystem.