Índice de ocorrência e de sazonalidade ajustada de condenações de carcaças bovinas em abatedouro frigorífico de grande porte localizado no oeste do estado de Minas Gerais: 2013 a 2020

Abstract

The information obtained during the inspection of slaughter is of great importance for the evaluation of the production systems and technical qualification of the people involved in the activity, in order to minimize the economic losses caused by the condemnation of carcasses and animal viscera. The objective of this work was to evaluate the occurrence index (IOC) and the seasonally adjusted index (SAI) of a slaughterhouse located in the western region of the state of Minas Gerais in a period of 8 years (2013-2020). The slaughterhouse selected for the study is inspected by the Federal Inspection Service (SIF) and has an average of 1,138 cattle slaughtered per day. To calculate the IOC and ISA, the official SIF data of the establishment were collected and used, namely: the monthly number of slaughtered cattle, the cause and number of condemned carcasses (total + partial). The IOC was calculated by dividing the total number of condemnations per month by the total number of animals slaughtered in the month. The ISA was calculated by dividing the monthly IOC value by the average annual IOC value to verify the specific contribution of each month to the year's conviction rates. Results were compared by ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. Then, the ISA was calculated by the average of each month using the 8-year historical series. The results were compared with the expected value for the year using the t-test with the hypothetical value set at one (100% of the expected conviction). The main causes of condemnation observed were contamination (51.4%), contusion (25.9%), abscess (9.2%), pneumonia (4.7%) and tuberculosis (2.5%). There is a trend towards an increase in condemnations from september 2016, with october and november 2020 showing the highest IOCs, with 33.4 and 30.4 carcasses condemned per thousand animals slaughtered, respectively. In evaluating the behavior of convictions over the years by the ISA, it was observed that there is no significant difference between the months for each of the main causes of conviction. Regarding the variation of each month in relation to the expected average for the year, there was a statistical reduction in the month of september for contamination, in the months of august and november for contusion and in the months of october and november for tuberculosis. These results can be used to optimize the teams involved in the activity, relocating them to the sectors that are demanding more attention depending on the time of year, in addition to serving as a basis for improving and monitoring team training programs.