Mapeamento da vegetação nativa do município de Monte Carmelo - MG

Abstract

The Cerrado is considered one of the largest Brazilian biomes, responsible for maintaining water resources and contains a wide variety in its fauna and flora, due to this diversity and resources, its soil is conducive to various crops and sources of mineral exploration. Located in the western part of the state of Minas Gerais, the municipality of Monte Carmelo, inserted in this biome of rich diversity, and its geographic position is considered strategic and privileged, located in the center of the country, close to the main commercial centers. One of the main characteristics of the soil in this region is the viscous clay, known as clay, a mineral that is easy to separate and allows molding, and can be found in soft rocks with earthy fractures in environments that contain a large amount of water. With that, one of the biggest sources of the economy of the municipality was established, the Ceramics Industry whose main production, tiles and bricks. Another source of the municipality's economy is agriculture, more specifically the cultivation of coffee, with the favorable climate, its topography is suitable and its average altitude is 950 meters, being conducive to the installation of this crop. Within this context, the objective of this work was to carry out a temporal analysis of the native vegetation in this municipality, through orbital images of the years 2017, 2019, 2021 and 2023. To achieve the proposed objective, methodologies were carried out using orbital images from the Landsat 8 satellites and Landsat 9, Remote Sensing techniques, Digital Image Processing, through software (Envi, Arcgis) that made it possible to verify and map the native vegetation that still remains in the municipality. In order to create the land use and occupation map, a supervised classification was made with the aid of the maximum likelihood classifier, where the land use classes can be quantified. And the change in vegetation cover for the four years studied was also verified by calculating the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI).