Análise da distribuição e área de influência dos equipamentos comunitários de educação da Rede Pública Municipal da cidade de Uberlândia-MG

Abstract

Discussing city planning involves discussing access to and use of urban infrastructure and community equipment, which offer the population essential services such as health, education, transportation, etc. In addition to the housing issues that discuss access to housing and the consequent socio-spatial exclusion, given the pace of growth and urban expansion generated by the rural exodus, it is necessary to carry out studies that focus on the population's access to the urban and community facilities that make up the infrastructure and urban services. Thus, from the point of view of education, with the support of spatial analysis techniques, this work aims to discuss the location and distribution of these community facilities in the urban space based on the scenario found and its implications. In order to make applicable the concepts addressed on this theme, in the research in question, community education facilities in the city of Uberlândia-MG were raised. For this, all Kindergarten and Elementary Schools of the Municipal Education Network and Civil Society Organizations partner schools of the Municipal Department of Education, in the urban area of the city of Uberlândia-MG, were mapped. For the mapping of schools, geoprocessing techniques were used, initially to perform the geocoding of school addresses and their subsequent location in the urban fabric. To measure the areas of spatial-territorial influence of the schools and determine their coverage areas, Buffers of fixed distance were used as a model for delimitation of the areas of influence. At the end of the analyses, based on mapping the spatial distribution of these equipment and measuring their respective areas of influence, it is possible to verify the scenario of spatial coverage of municipal public education services. It is worth remembering that the absence of spatial coverage is not always indicative of a lack of service, since a series of factors influence the location and implementation of any public service, including education. These factors are socioeconomic, environmental, population, etc. that delineate the direction of the location of these services.