O trabalho imaterial do músico erudito: as relações de trabalho e as políticas públicas de incentivo à cultura

Abstract

The present text presents the results of doctoral research that has as its central theme the work relations of the classical musician inserted into the labor market through the federal culture incentive law called Rouanet Law. The main question that instigated this investigation was: what are the consequences of the resources granted by the Cultural Incentive Law in Brazil for the classical musician's work? In order to build a scientific dialogue with the proposed theme, this paper presents the introduction, contextualizing the research, the development in four chapters, and the conclusion. The first chapter exposes music as a profession and the musician as a worker, presenting the configurations of the artist's work relations studied by important researchers on the theme of the world of music work; the second brings the historical constructions and contradictions of patronage and music, presenting how it was constituted and deconstructed by the musician Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, who sought the qualification of an autonomous musician; the third chapter reconstructs how cultural public policies were structured in Brazil, the constitution and extinction of the Ministry of Culture, the Culture Incentive Law, and what is the situation of these important mechanisms of investment in culture in the government of Jair Messias Bolsonaro (2019-2022); finally, in the last chapter, there is the analysis of government data from the Brazilian culture sector. The initial thesis was that although the Rouanet Law (Law No. 8.313/1991) is of great importance for most musicians to have resources to finance their work, this policy contributes to further increase the precarization and flexibilization already historically present in the work contracts of these artists. The data collected and analyzed corroborate the initial thesis, demonstrating that the uncertainties imposed by the instabilities of public policies hinder the progress of projects linked to the Rouanet Law and, therefore, cause discontinuities in contracts and jobs for active classical musicians.