Descrição de alguns substantivos e verbos do léxico pomerano brasileiro segundo a base de dados pommersche korpora

Abstract

The aim of this doctoral thesis is to partially describe the Brazilian Pomeranian (BP) lexicon with a focus on frequent nouns and verbs in the Pommersche Korpora Expansion – PK-E, a set of authentic samples we collected during previous research (M.A., 2014-2016). The specific aims are: (i) to analyse whether the nouns contain innovative items through contact with the Portuguese language and whether they contain traditional items originating from European Pomeranian and (ii) to identify verb conjugations, their combinations and uses within PK-E. Our study contains two interconnected hypotheses: (i) the contrast between the reference corpora and PK-E provides parameters to identify whether the phonetic variation of type P (pomeranian), as in Schwien [ʃviːn], Noogel [ˈnɔːxl] , Hoogel] [ˈhɔːxl] in relation to the phonetics of A (Standard German) as in Schwein [ʃvaɪ̯n], Nagel [ˈnaːɡl̩] , Hagel [ˈhaːɡl̩], indicates the existence of a systematic pattern of phonetic difference that is not random and does not generate different morphemes nor refer to the same lexical items. This recurring fact leads us to conjecture that the difference of Pomeranian compared to Standard German is mainly phonetic, and not lexical. Comparisons between Brazilian Pomeranian, European Pomeranian and Standard German may elucidate the lexical proximities, (ii) the partial descriptions and the analysis of the samples in light of theories and grammar of Low German in conjunction with the methodology-approach of corpus analysis are sufficient for the linguistic classification of Pomeranian within the Germanic language group and the subgroup of Plattdeutsch/Niederdeutsch. Our theoretical framework is anchored in authors from Dialectology (THUN, 2010; ALTENHOFEN, 2013, 2019; ALTENHOFEN; STEFFEN; THUN, 2018), Historical Linguistics (GRIMM, 1819, 1822; PLEMPE-CHRISTIANSSEN, 1965; MASIP, 2003; KELLNER, 2002; SYLLA, 2013), Lexicography (HERRMANN-WINTER, 1998, 2013; VOLLMER, 2008; SASS; THIES, 2021), Lexicology (BARBOSA, 1991; VILELA, 1994; BIDERMAN, 2001; ABBADE, 2012; ZAVAGLIA; WELKER, 2013; FERRAZ, 2016; POSTMA, 2018; GAGELMANN, 2015, 2019), Morphology (EISENBERG, 1998; ENGEL, 2004; ROMÃO 2018), Sociolinguistics (WEINREICH, 1953; BRIGHT, 1974; GROSJEAN, 1982; GUMPERZ, 1982; SIEGEL, 1985; HEYE, 1986; BOKAMBA, 1988; CHRISTEN, 1997; AUER, 1999; VON BORSTEL, 2011; LADILOVA, 2015), Corpus Linguistics (TEUBERT, 1996; TOGNINI-BONELLI, 2001; PERINI, 2006; LEMNITZER; ZINSMEISTER, 2006; DIAS, 2017; OLIVEIRA, 2019; ASSUNÇÃO; ARAÚJO, 2019, ALVES; OTTAIANO, 2020). Methodological procedures involved the compilation of a Low-German reference corpus, the Plattdeutsche Referenzkorpus – PRK; identification of nouns and verb conjugations through clusters, collocates and patterns generated in WordSmith Tools 7.0, elaboration of analytic-systematic tables containing phonetic transcriptions, parallel comparison with German and translated example sentences, consultation of old dictionaries, a historical corpus and a North German regional corpus, which include data in Old Low German and High German, and other corpora of Standard German. At the end, we organized the results, performed analyses and comparisons with extensive samples analysis, tested our hypotheses and were able to describe simple, compound, plural, diminutive nouns and results of contact with the Portuguese language. We also managed to recover, through the methodology of Corpus Linguistics, the conjugations for 23 verbs in 8 different verb tenses.