Análise computacional da exposição ocupacional em cirurgias ortopédicas que empregam fluoroscopia.

Abstract

Among the practices common to interventional radiology, it is possible to mention orthopedic surgeries guided by fluoroscopy, a technique capable of providing continuous and instantaneous images of bone structures. However, the team that uses this surgical technique puts itself in occupational exposure to radiation. Due to the profile of the workday of this team, whose time of the procedures is prolonged, low adherence of collective protection equipment (CPE) the risks become greater. With this focus, this work aims to analyze the spatial variables of orthopedic operating rooms, such as the size and presence of CPE, in order to minimize this exposure, and thus, reduce the risks arising from it. For this, scenarios referring to the different sizes of operating rooms provided for in RDC-050, associated with the presence or absence of CPE, were reproduced in a computational way, through Monte Carlo simulation. A decrease in the energy deposition percentage was found for 12 of the 17 of the organs analyzed in the study for the large operating room, when compared to the medium-sized one. Regarding the use of CPE, a decrease in all the organs studied became noticeable, this value being able to reach up to 50\% for some regions. It was possible to conclude, then, that within the simulation standards, the environment that caused the lowest occupational exposure was the large room associated with the use of CPE. However, the dose value was still considerable for all organs, including a percentage increase of (10.15 +- 0.12)% in the deposited energy received by the eye, which highlights the importance of also associating personal protective equipment ( PPE).