Resiliência e acessibilidade de moradias de interesse social impactadas pelo envelhecimento de seus moradores

Abstract

Since 2009, the government program Minha Casa Minha Vida has delivered approximately 4 million homes to low-income Brazilians with the aim of reducing the national housing deficit. However, over time, the housing offered showed reduced resilience. This finding can be observed in Residencial Sucesso Brasil, which is part of a social housing complex located in Uberlândia-MG. The main objective of this research was to investigate architectural design solutions capable of increasing the resilience of social interest housing in relation to the demands arising from aging and related to accessibility. It is part of the research [BER-HOME] – Resilience in the built environment in social housing: technologically advanced assessment methods (funded by CNPq; CNPq – PIBIC/PIBIC; CAPES; FAPEMIG – PIBIC, UFU), whose objective is to identify and evaluate attributes capable of conferring resilience to the built environment. Through this dissertation, it was investigated how the attribute of accessibility, associated with the aging of the residents, contributes to the resilience of a house. Design Science Research and Case Study were used as research methods. As a result, there are: i) the prescription of 12 architectural design solutions capable of increasing the housing's resilience in relation to the demands arising from aging and related to accessibility; ii) The adaptation of two post-occupancy assessment instruments to measure the levels of discomfort faced by the elderly while using the dwelling and to measure the level of resilience of buildings.It is considered that: i) Only one of the principles of universal design, dimension and space for approximation and use, contributes to increasing resilience; ii) The low level of resilience of Residencial Sucesso Brasil is due, in part, to the disregard of basic design requirements; iii) In addition to the prescriptions proposed by this research, an approximation between the architects and the residents of the residential is essential; iv) Correct prescriptions associated with the participation of architects may contribute to the achievement of housing with a higher level of comfort and resilience.