Licenciamento ambiental e a construção da sustentabilidade local: Uberaba/MG

Abstract

The present work seeks to analyze and understand the role of environmental permitting in the process of building local sustainability from the perspective of the actors involved in the process and the evolution of environmental policy in Brazil along with an international sustainability agenda. Environmental permitting is operated in the country as a sustainable development mechanism and is influenced by international agreements for the formulation of the environmental management policy that regulates, regulates and decides on the competence of each body in the federated entities of Brazil (Union, states, municipalities and Federal District). This work had as study universe the city of Uberaba-MG which is inserted in this new environmental policy that decentralizes the actions and gives attention to the political, geographic and cultural diversity of each region, since 2012. For this, as a methodology, it was carried out a bibliographic review on the subject and thematic deepening on the evolution of environmental legislation in Brazil since 1981 through the concept of governance, territoriality, bureaucracy, quality of life and social justice in the production of sustainable territories, as well as on the notions of sustainability and sustainable development, were paths used for this analysis. Questionnaires and interviews were also carried out with actors involved in the environmental permitting process in the city of Uberaba-MG. The results of this work suggest that there is a difference in perspective between the actors involved in the process regarding the efficiency of environmental permitting, as well as pointing out that the compatibility of environmental licensing processes with the social, environmental and economic issues of the analyzed enterprises and activities, will in addition to technical issues, standards, requested studies, but they also reach the sensitivity of managers and the political will regarding governance that the instrument has a direct influence on the dynamics of procedures involving the issuance of environmental permitting and, consequently, the result of this governance in the construction of local sustainability, since the efficiency of the instrument occurs with the fulfillment of its obligations in line with the constitutional principles related to the concept of sustainability.