Produção de hidrogênio verde a partir da reação de deslocamento gás água

Abstract

Currently, with the search for clean, renewable and efficient energy, hydrogen is a strong candidate to replace fossil fuels, and for this purpose the Water Gas Shift Reaction (WGSR), discovered in the year 1780, exhibits great importance in the industry for production of pure hydrogen. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen, designated as products for this reaction, have a huge number of industrial applicability. The WGSR is divided into two classes that occur at high and low temperatures and are called HTS and LTS, respectively. Due to its high barrier in the activation energy, it is necessary to use catalysts, whatever each class is, which can be heterogeneous or homogeneous. Therefore, studies have been carrying out for the WGSR reaction, in order to institute new catalysts that demonstrate strength, activity, cost and stability superior to typical catalysts handled in the industry. In the literature, mechanisms to discuss each class are shown and which are usually the most accepted, the redox mechanism for HST and for LTS uses two mechanisms, the redox and the associative. In homogeneous catalysis, it is used transition metals applied in mononuclear systems in both basic and acidic solutions as well as bimetallic systems. Therefore, this bibliographical review aims at a greater understanding regarding the production of hydrogen through the Water Gas Shift Reaction.