Principais lesões de pé e tornozelo em corredores: diagnóstico e abordagem fisioterapêutica para o tratamento e prevenção

Abstract

Introduction: The running practice has become popular worldwide due to a combination of factors such as low cost, decreased incidence of chronic diseases such as obesity and cardiovascular disease, and easy implementation in daily routine. However, it is an activity that poses an injury risk, especially in the ankle and foot region. Objective: The objective of this work was presented in detail as the main foot and ankle take-offs that affect runners, to synthesize as the main physical therapy approaches with the best level of scientific evidence and options for training methods aimed at reducing the level of occurrence of these cuts. Methodology: This work is a narrative review, and books and scientific articles were used as a basis for research related to foot and ankle injuries and disorders in runners. The following databases were used: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Results: The main diseases or disorders observed in runners were discussed, involving the main structures of the musculoskeletal system and the peripheral nervous system, resulting from anatomical changes, traumatic conditions, muscle and associated with training, essential for the reduction of risk factors. Regarding the evidence, the causative factor of running injuries to be considered the most evidence is errors in the running training program. Final considerations: This work aimed to propose a review of anatomy and conduct, with the proper scientific framework based on articles, books, and recent research, about each dysfunction or specific disease. In the end, it was possible to see that the list of possible diseases or disorders in this region can be the most diverse, which makes the functional diagnosis and the proposal of interventions a challenge