Tubos plásticos sem aditivos como alternativa a tubos de vidro e plástico revestido por sílica na produção de matrizes sólidas de fibrina rica em plaquetas. Estudo histomorfométrico e ultraestrutural

Abstract

Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) blood concentrates, obtained from glass and plastic tubes, coated or not with silica, have been extensively used in surgical procedures to improve tissue repair. It was recently demonstrated that silica microparticles from silica-coated plastic tubes are incorporated into the PRF and could lead to local toxicity. In order to explore biologically safe alternatives in the production of PRF membranes, the present study evaluated the fibrin network density, platelet aggregates, and cellular morphology of three PRF protocols, obtained from glass and plastic tubes, coated or not with silica. Eight volunteers participated in the study (n=8), and nine blood samples were collected from each individual. The samples were separated into three groups, according to the tube material: glass, silica-coated plastic and plastic without silica. In each group, the samples were centrifuged in the following protocols: leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF - 700g/12min), advanced PRF (A-PRF - 200g/14min) and advanced PRF+ (A-PRF+ - 200g/8min). The obtained membranes were analyzed in Light Microscopy (LM), to evaluate fibrin and platelet densities (histomorphometry), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) for qualitative analysis of cell morphology. The membranes obtained from plastic tubes without silica exhibited significantly lower fibrin network density with L-PRF (p<0.019) and A-PRF (p<0.001) protocols. There was significantly higher percentage of platelets in membranes obtained from plastic tubes without silica, irrespective of protocol (p<0.005). TEM analysis revealed normal ultrastructural morphology that preserved nuclei, organelles and cell membranes for all groups, irrespective of protocol or type of tube. The present study showed that plastic tubes without silica could be used to produce PRF membranes, as the resulting membranes exhibited histomorphometric and ultrastructural characteristics similar to those obtained from glass and silica-coated plastic tubes, regardless of the centrifugation protocol.