Governança digital: um framework para avaliação de desempenho nas instituições federais de ensino superior brasileiras

Abstract

Digital Governance is considered the most current evolutionary stage of Electronic Government. Public managers face big challenges to meet the increasing interest from citizens for more online interactions, social participation and use of government services in digital channels. Brazil has the fourth largest demand for electronic services in the world and has been improving its position in the United Nations ranking that measures the Electronic Government Development Index (EGDI) in countries. At the same time, research on e-government performance assessment models and frameworks has gained relevance. In this sense, in 2016, the Federal Government instituted the Digital Governance Policy through Decree 8.638/2016 and also published the Digital Governance Strategy (EGD) within the scope of the federal public administration. Federal Higher Education Institutions (IFES) prepare institutional strategic plans to guide their actions and goals to be achieved. The Institutional Development Plan (PDI) and the Information Technology and Communication Guiding Plan (PDTIC) are the main IFES planning instruments. However, these plans' degree of alignment with the EGD is still unknown. Hence, the current study aimed to identify the degree of strategic alignment of the PDIs and PDTICs with the EGD, and develop a proposal Digital Governance performance assessment framework for the IFES as well. This research is defined as qualitative and descriptive. Most of the data were obtained from the IFES electronic portals and the strategic planning instruments were subjected to text mining techniques, observing six dimensions extracted from the EGD and the literature: strategic, access to information, provision of services, social participation, emerging technologies and public value. The findings provided evidence that transparency, access to information and modernization are recurrent and have a high degree of alignment with the EGD. Computerization, public consultation, accountability, digital inclusion and service quality were less frequent, resulting in a medium degree of alignment. However, IFES planning instruments, in general, showed a low degree of alignment with the EGD in all dimensions. The developed framework is modular, flexible and IFES can apply it as an instrument for performance assessing and monitoring Digital Governance initiatives. The rapid advance of digital technologies makes organizational environments more dynamic and directly affects IFES structures, which must be prepared for this digital transformation. For future studies, the recommendations are to proceed with the framework validation and perform a more depth investigation of IFES planning documents.