A precarização do trabalho sob a ótica das relações de gênero: uma análise da situação da indústria brasileira na década de 90

Abstract

The objective of this work is to study the precariousness of work in Brazil from the perspective of gender relations by evaluating the behavior of the female workforce in the manufacturing industry in the 1990s. The quality of employment was evaluated by comparing data related to jobs held by men and women. In the first chapter, a review is made of studies that deal with the universe of work in order to identify trends in precarious work, showing a brief picture of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The analysis covers the forms of work organization, with reference to Taylorism and Fordism and, later, it focuses on the changes of the recent period, the so-called Toyotism. In the second chapter, a survey is made of the employment situation in the Brazilian manufacturing industry, in addition to a review of the process of productive restructuring in the 1980s and 1990s. In Chapter 3 there is a more detailed analysis of the precariousness of work in Brazil under the gender relations optics. The evaluation of the employment quality of the female workforce is done through the analysis of variables such as participation in the total of jobs, wages, education and turnover. Information obtained from RAIS data (Annual Social Information Report) and some complementary data from PNAD (National Household Survey) were used.