Análise da geração assíncrona distribuída utilizando gás metano proveniente da suinocultura

Abstract

The normative resolution 482/2012 of the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) allows the connection of generators to the distribution system. Distributed generation has as main feature the use of small generating units connected directly to the distribution network. This type of generation with alternative sources is growing in number and power, mainly by strong environmental appeal. However, critics of the distributed generation point technical, operational, quality issues and notably those concerned to security (such as accidental supply of the distribution network). The research goal is to study the behavior of the asynchronous machine in distributed generation working in real conditions (with presence of harmonics and voltage and current unbalances), connected to the main grid or on islanding operation. Operational simplicity, lower cost of deployment and maintenance, and especially the safety are relevant aspects considered in the research. In this case, the primary machine fuel is the methane gas from pig farming. The induction generator operates on a steady-state, linear, non-sinusoidal and unbalanced condition, employing a capacitor bank to supply the necessary reactive power. This is justified to avoid the need to import such power from the network, which would be economically unfeasible. To validate the proposal experimental tests and computer simulations are performed. Practical results are collected from a real electrical installation, using commercial equipment that meet the standards of an electric power utility. Virtual results come from the electric system representation using the Matlab/Simulink®. Finally, it is concluded that both types of results have showed good agreement.