Arquitetura para além do amanhã: dos limites da arquitetura social às novas energias utópicas da arquitetura insurgente

Abstract

This is a theoretical research that aims to investigate the limits of the fulfilment of the Architecture of social propositions, through a critical analysis of its foundations on grounds of the relationship between the constitution of Modern Architecture and the process of Modernization in Brazil. This examination will be presented through a sociological methodology seeking to overcome historiographical limits and to offer a critical outlook on the role of Architecture in the city of Capitalism. To this end, a historical contextualization of the advent of Architecture is presented as a practice of space production in the industrial context of modern capitalism. Although the factual approach is the mainstay of the proposed reflection, this work does not intend to pursue a historiographical assessment of the emergence or evolution of Modern Architecture itself, but attempts to elaborate an overview of the conditions that intertwine this school with the context of space production in the western capitalist city. Therefore, the views hereby presented, although referenced in a Eurocentric perspective of the historiography of Architecture, helped to compose the plot of this complex background to Modernity and were means of visitation to the Modern Movement theories, perceived as the origin of questions that collaborate with this problematization and that were somehow felt in the modernization process in Latin America. From this contextualization it will be possible to raise the problematization and criticism regarding the commercialization of Architecture and its integration in the production of the capitalist city, in order to formulate an understanding that goes beyond the field of Architecture itself. This survey will be based on the study of the modernization process that changed the accumulation model of Latin America peripheral countries and transformed Brazilian cities with the same rational production process implemented with Modern Architecture. Finally, this research will focus on the theme of Social Architecture in Brazil as a convergence axis of the preceding argument, to examine the understanding of this concept that, although impregnated by the formulations of modern vanguards, presents itself at the same time, as not consistent with the moral principles that carried modern premises. Moreover, this work reflects on the distance that is established between the production of contemporary social housing and the practice of social architecture in the Brazilian economic context.