Determinação de óxido nítrico e citocinas (TNF-α, IFN-γ, TGF-β e IL-4) em lesões periapicais humanas

Abstract

Objective: Cytokines and nitric oxide are involved in the pathogenesis of apical lesions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of nitric oxide and cytokines (TNF-α, lFN-γ, TGF-β and IL-4) in periapical cysts and granulomas, and to determine the relationship between these molecules and the clinical and radiographic signs of each patient. Materials and methods: A total of 47 periapical lesions (30 apical granulomas and 17 root cysts) were analyzed. Nitric oxide and cytokines were measured by GRIESS and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods respectively. Results: TNF-α was detected in 10% of periapical granulomas (undetectable values ​​at 25 pg / g) and 41.2% of root cyst tissues (undetectable values ​​at 25 pg / g), lFN-γ was detected in 70% of cystic tissue samples (undetectable values ​​at 50 pg / g) and in 10% of granulomas (undetectable values ​​at 15 pg / g). For nitric oxide we found 29% of positive cystic tissue samples (undetectable values ​​at 40 pg / g) and in granulomas 20% (undetectable values ​​at 40 pg / g). IL-4 was detected in 24% of cyst tissue samples (undetectable at 25 pg / g.) And none of granulomas. TGF-β was detected in all tissue samples of cysts (1250 pg / g at 2500 pg / g) and granulomas (2000 pg / g at 7500 pg / g). Regarding the analyzed symptoms, we observed statistically significant levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in patients with spontaneous pain and / or palpation, and IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-4 in patients with increased volume. As for the lesions that presented diffuse radiographic images, we observed significant levels of nitric oxide. Conclusions: Nitric oxide and cytokines (TNF-α, lFN-γ, TGF-β and IL-4) are involved in the pathogenesis of periapical lesions. Thus, they would be assisting in the inflammatory process and bone resorption, as well as in the clinical and radiographic signs characteristic of these lesions.