Mensuração da força máxima de mordida em indivíduos submetidos a diferentes tratamentos reabilitadores totais

Abstract

Maximum bite force (MBF) is an adjuvant value in the evaluation of the therapeutic effects of prosthetic devices, thus providing reference values for studies on the biomechanics of these devices and their performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the MBF of patients with three different types of total prosthetic rehabilitation and to compare their values with individuals with normal occlusion and without prosthetic rehabilitation. Fifty-seven patients were divided into four groups: control group (CG) (n = 14), composed of completely dentate patients with bilateral occlusion and simultaneous and well-distributed contacts; PT group (n = 18), composed of patients with bimaxillary total prosthesis, PTO group (n = 11), composed of individuals with superior total prosthesis and inferior overdenture over two implants with the retention clip bar system and PTP group (n = 14), composed of patients with superior total denture and protocol on three inferior implants. To obtain MBF records, a gnatodynamometer (industrial equipment Kratos LTDA, Cotia, SP) was used for both sides measurement and the sum of both sides was used as the total value of the individual's MBF. There was no statistically significant difference for the gender factor (p=0,099), but there was a statistically significant difference for the factor the type of treatment, being the total MBF in the CG higher than in the other groups and the MBF in the PTP and PTO groups higher than that of the PT group. It was concluded that implant-supported prostheses increased the maximum bite force in edentulous patients and that gender did not influence any of the analyzed groups.