Comportamento dos custos de produção de algodão no estado de Mato Grosso vis-à-vis a variação do dólar norte americano entre os anos de 2015 a 2018

Abstract

Agribusiness has a considerable role in the national scenario, corresponding to about 23% of the Brazilian GDP, even in times of economic instability. Cotton is an important crop within Brazilian agriculture, and Brazil has consolidated itself as a significant player in the international cotton market, being the 5th largest producer in the world. Cotton farming is highly profitable, but it is a product known to suffer great price fluctuations and requires a highly skilled cultivation and management, causing a high cost of production. In this context, the present work analyzes the behavior of production costs against the dollar variation in the cotton segment in the state of Mato Grosso between the years 2015 to 2018. This is a descriptive and quantitative research. The information was collected through reports in production cost sheets produced by IMEA. The regions of the state of Mato Grosso were divided, such as: West, Southeast, Mid-North, and whole state of Mato Grosso, and cost variables: macronutrients, insecticide, variable costs, micronutrients, fungicide and herbicide. The study shows that the micronutrient variable showed a correlation with the dollar only in the West region, for the other regions of Mato Grosso this item did not present a correlation with the US dollar. Considering the consolidated state, with the exception of micronutrients, the other variables (macronutrients, fungicide, herbicide, insecticide and variable cost) showed a correlation with the US dollar. For the next studies it is suggested the continuity of the analysis for future periods, as well as to correlate with the euro.