Repercussões renais e metabólicas para a prole de Ratas Wistar tratadas com dieta hiperlipídica durante a gravidez e a lactação: estudo comparativo entre as dietas com 28 e 40% de lipídeos.

Abstract

Accumulating evidence suggests that maternal overnutrition or high-fat diet consumption during pregnancy and lactation results in a higher development risk of metabolic syndrome and renal disease in the offspring later in life. The present study tested different lipid concentration (28 and 40%) in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation and its repercussion to the offspring. Control group: pups aging 1, 7, 30 and 90 days of dams fed with standard chow diet. Experimental 1 group (EXP1): pups aging 1, 7, 30, and 90 days of dams fed with high-fat diet containing 28% of lipids. Experimental 2 group (EXP2): pups aging 1, 7, 30 and 90 days of dams fed with high-fat diet containing 40% of lipids. Both maternal and offspring outcomes were evaluated. Daily caloric intake was higher in EXP1, while protein and carbohydrate consumption were lower in EXP2. Although, weight gain was higher in EXP2. Offspring aging 90 days of EXP1 presented higher glucose levels. Morphometric analysis showed an increase of glomerular tuft and corpuscular renal area in both treated groups, but an increase of capsular space area was observed exclusively in EXP1. Glomerular filtration rate decreased in EXP1, whereas demonstrated an increased in EXP2. EXP2 also showed an increase of urinary protein excretion. Blood pressure was higher only in EXP1. In conclusion, different lipid contents of maternal diet resulted in several impacts in the offspring health, and causing injuries of different magnitudes in its kidney function.